Harlequin duck monitoring in northern Idaho, 1995

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In 1995, 33 pairs and 4 broods of harlequin ducks were observed during surveys of 13 harlequin duck breeding streams and probable breeding streams in northern Idaho. Harlequin ducks were observed for the first time on Deer Creek, a tributary to the Moyie River, and ducklings were reported for the first time on Lion Creek, a tributary to Priest Lake. The minimum northern Idaho harlequin duck population was estimated at 35 to 49 pairs (42 pairs ± 7, 95% CI), with a minimum productivity of 18% or 0.8 ducklings/female. Productivity was lower than in previous years, possibly because of high spring stream flows. Nearly half (45%) of all harlequin duck pairs observed (15) occurred on the Lochsa River. Pair numbers were 2 to 3 times higher than recorded in previous surveys. Differences from previous years may be partially due to survey methodology and timing. Harlequin duck numbers on other streams surveyed for 3 or more years appeared to be stable except for the Hughes Fork, where estimates declined from 5 pairs to 1 pair between 1990 and 1995. However, ducks using this stream have also been observed to use at least 2 adjoining tributaries, only 1 of which was surveyed in 1995. Seven "bellwether" streams have been selected for annual monitoring. At least 4 randomly selected "nonbellwether" streams should also be monitored on a rotational basis every year. Two spring surveys and 1 summer survey are recommended for each stream. Continued collection of incidental sightings, inventory of additional areas, and cooperation between recreation and wildlife programs to address river recreation and harlequin duck issues are also recommended.

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ELECTRONIC FILE - Zoology

Citation (generic): Cassirer, Francis. 1995. Harlequin duck monitoring in northern Idaho, 1995. Idaho Department of Fish and Game, Boise, ID. 19 p. Cooperative project with North Idaho Traditional Bowhunters; USDA Forest Service; and Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife.